October 2
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October 2 is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 90 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor.[1]
- 939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and other Frankish dukes.[2]
- 1263 – The Battle of Largs is fought between Norwegians and Scots.[3]
- 1470 – The Earl of Warwick's rebellion forces King Edward IV of England to flee to the Netherlands,[4] restoring Henry VI to the throne.[5]
- 1552 – Russo-Kazan Wars: Russian troops enter Kazan.[6]
1601–1900
[edit]- 1766 - The Nottingham Cheese Riot[7] breaks out at the Goose Fair in Nottingham, UK, in response to the excessive cost of cheese.
- 1780 – American Revolutionary War: John André, a British Army officer, is hanged as a spy by the Continental Army.[8]
- 1789 – The United States Bill of Rights is sent to the various States for ratification.[9]
- 1835 – Texas Revolution: Mexican troops attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.[10]
- 1864 – American Civil War: Confederates defeat a Union attack on Saltville, Virginia. A massacre of wounded Union prisoners ensues.[11]
- 1870 – By plebiscite, the citizens of the Papal States accept annexation by the Kingdom of Italy.[12]
1901–present
[edit]- 1919 – Seven days after suffering a "physical collapse" following a speech in Pueblo, Colorado, U.S. President Woodrow Wilson has a catastrophic stroke at the White House, leaving him physically and mentally incapacitated for the remainder of his presidency.[13]
- 1920 – Ukrainian War of Independence: Mikhail Frunze orders the Red Army to immediately cease hostilities with the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.[14]
- 1928 – The "Prelature of the Holy Cross and the Work of God", commonly known as Opus Dei, is founded.[15][16]
- 1937 – Rafael Trujillo orders the execution of Haitians living in the border region of the Dominican Republic.[17]
- 1942 – World War II: Ocean Liner RMS Queen Mary accidentally rams and sinks HMS Curacoa, killing over 300 crewmen aboard Curacoa.[18]
- 1944 – World War II: German troops end the Warsaw Uprising.[19]
- 1958 – Guinea declares its independence from France.[20]
- 1967 – Thurgood Marshall is sworn in as the first African-American justice of the United States Supreme Court.[20]
- 1968 – Mexican President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz orders soldiers to suppress a demonstration of unarmed students, ten days before the start of the 1968 Summer Olympics.[21]
- 1970 – An aircraft carrying the Wichita State University football team, administrators, and supporters crashes in Colorado, killing 31 people.[22]
- 1971 – South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu is re-elected in a one-man election.[23]
- 1971 – British European Airways Flight 706 crashes near Aarsele, Belgium, killing 63.[24]
- 1980 – Michael Myers becomes the first member of either chamber of Congress to be expelled since the Civil War.[25]
- 1990 – Xiamen Airlines Flight 8301 is hijacked and lands at Guangzhou, where it crashes into two other airliners on the ground, killing 132.[26]
- 1992 – Military police storm the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil during a prison riot. The resulting massacre leaves 111 prisoners dead.[27]
- 1996 – Aeroperú Flight 603 crashes into the ocean near Peru, killing all 70 people on board.[28]
- 1996 – The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton.[29]
- 2002 – The Beltway sniper attacks begin in Washington, D.C., extending over three weeks and killing 10 people.[30]
- 2004 – The first parkrun, then known as the Bushy Park Time Trial, takes place in Bushy Park, London, UK.[31]
- 2006 – Five Amish girls are murdered in a shooting at a school in Pennsylvania, United States.[32]
- 2007 – President Roh Moo-hyun of South Korea goes to North Korea for an Inter-Korean summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong-il.[33]
- 2016 – Ethiopian protests break out during a festival in the Oromia region, killing dozens of people.[34]
- 2018 – The Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi is assassinated in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul, Turkey.[35]
- 2019 – A privately-owned Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress conducting a living history exhibition flight crashes shortly after takeoff from Windsor Locks, Connecticut, killing seven.[36]
Births
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 1452 – Richard III of England (d. 1485)[37]
- 1470 – Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal, Daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1498)[38]
- 1527 – William Drury, English politician (d. 1579)[39]
- 1538 – Charles Borromeo, Italian cardinal and saint (d. 1584)[40]
1601–1900
[edit]- 1718 – Elizabeth Montagu, English author and critic (d. 1800)[41]
- 1768 – William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, English general and politician (d. 1854)[42]
- 1798 – Charles Albert, King of Sardinia (1831–49) (d. 1849)[43]
- 1800 – Nat Turner, American slave and uprising leader (d. 1831)[44]
- 1815 – James Agnew, Irish-Australian politician, Premier of Tasmania (d. 1901)[45]
- 1821 – Alexander P. Stewart, American general (d. 1908)[46]
- 1828 – Charles Floquet, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1896)[47]
- 1832 – Edward Burnett Tylor, English anthropologist (d. 1917)[48]
- 1847 – Paul von Hindenburg, German field marshal and politician, 2nd President of Germany (d. 1934)[49]
- 1851 – Ferdinand Foch, French field marshal (d. 1929)[50]
- 1852 – William Ramsay, Scottish chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)[51]
- 1854 – Patrick Geddes, Scottish biologist, sociologist, geographer, and philanthropist (d. 1932)[52]
- 1866 – Swami Abhedananda, Indian mystic and philosopher (d. 1939)[53]
- 1869 – Mahatma Gandhi, Indian freedom fighter, activist and philosopher (d. 1948)[20]
- 1871 – Cordell Hull, American politician, United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)[20]
- 1871 – Martha Brookes Hutcheson, American landscaper and author (d. 1959)[54]
- 1873 – Stephen Warfield Gambrill, American lawyer and politician (d. 1924)[55]
- 1873 – Pelham Warner, English cricketer and manager (d. 1963)[56]
- 1875 – Pattie Ruffner Jacobs, American suffragist (d. 1935)[57]
- 1879 – Wallace Stevens, American poet (d. 1955)[58]
- 1882 – Boris Shaposhnikov, Russian colonel (d. 1945)[59]
- 1883 – Karl von Terzaghi, Austrian geologist and engineer (d. 1963)[60]
- 1890 – Groucho Marx, American comedian and actor (d. 1977)[20]
- 1893 – Leroy Shield, American composer and conductor (d. 1962)[61]
- 1895 – Ruth Cheney Streeter, American colonel (d. 1990)[62]
- 1900 – Leela Roy Nag, Indian freedom fighter, social reformer and politician (d. 1970)[63]
1901–present
[edit]- 1902 – Leopold Figl, Austrian politician, Chancellor of Austria (d. 1965)[64]
- 1904 – Graham Greene, English novelist, playwright, and critic (d. 1991)[20]
- 1904 – Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indian and politician, Prime Minister of India (d. 1966)[65]
- 1905 – Franjo Šeper, Croatian cardinal (d. 1981)[66]
- 1906 – Thomas Hollway, Australian politician, Premier of Victoria (d. 1971)[67]
- 1907 – Víctor Paz Estenssoro, Bolivian politician, President of Bolivia (d. 2001)[68]
- 1907 – Alexander R. Todd, Scottish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)[69]
- 1909 – Alex Raymond, American cartoonist, creator of Flash Gordon (d. 1956)[70]
- 1912 – Frank Malina, American engineer and painter (d. 1981)[71]
- 1914 – Jack Parsons, American chemist, occultist, and engineer (d. 1952)[72]
- 1914 – Bernarr Rainbow, English organist, conductor, and historian (d. 1998)[73]
- 1915 – Chuck Williams, American author and businessman, founded Williams Sonoma (d. 2015)[74]
- 1917 – Christian de Duve, Belgian cytologist and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)[75]
- 1917 – Charles Drake, American actor (d. 1994)[76]
- 1919 – John W. Duarte, English guitarist and composer (d. 2004)[77]
- 1921 – Edmund Crispin, English writer and composer (d. 1978)[78]
- 1921 – Albert Scott Crossfield, American pilot and engineer (d. 2006)[79]
- 1921 – Robert Runcie, English archbishop (d. 2000)[80]
- 1925 – Wren Blair, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2013)[81]
- 1926 – Jan Morris, Welsh historian and author (d. 2020)[82]
- 1928 – George McFarland, American actor (d. 1993)[83]
- 1928 – Wolfhart Pannenberg, Polish-German theologian and academic (d. 2014)[84][85]
- 1929 – Peter Bronfman, Canadian businessman (d. 1996)[86]
- 1929 – Moses Gunn, American actor (d. 1993)[20]
- 1930 – Dave Barrett, Canadian social worker and politician, 26th Premier of British Columbia (d. 2018)[87]
- 1932 – Maury Wills, American baseball player and manager (d. 2022)[88]
- 1933 – John Gurdon, English biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[89]
- 1933 – Dave Somerville, Canadian singer (d. 2015)[90]
- 1934 – Richard Scott, Baron Scott of Foscote, English lawyer and judge[91]
- 1934 – Earl Wilson, American baseball player (d. 2005)[92]
- 1935 – Omar Sívori, Italian-Argentine footballer and manager (d. 2005)[93]
- 1936 – Dick Barnett, American basketball player[94]
- 1936 – Connie Dierking, American basketball player (d. 2013)[95]
- 1937 – Johnnie Cochran, American lawyer (d. 2005)[96]
- 1938 – Nick Gravenites, American singer-songwriter (d. 2024)[97]
- 1938 – Waheed Murad, Pakistani actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1983)[98]
- 1938 – Rex Reed, American film critic[99]
- 1939 – Budhi Kunderan, Indian cricketer (d. 2006)[100]
- 1941 – Diana Hendry, English poet and author[101]
- 1941 – Ron Meagher, American rock bass player[102]
- 1942 – Steve Sabol, American director and producer, co-founded NFL Films (d. 2012)[103]
- 1943 – Anna Ford, English journalist[104]
- 1943 – Henri Szeps, Australian actor[105]
- 1944 – Vernor Vinge, American author (d. 2024)[106]
- 1945 – Martin Hellman, American cryptographer and academic[107]
- 1945 – Don McLean, American singer-songwriter[108]
- 1946 – Sonthi Boonyaratglin, Thai general and politician[109]
- 1947 – Ward Churchill, American author and activist[110]
- 1948 – Trevor Brooking, English footballer and manager[111]
- 1948 – Avery Brooks, American actor[112]
- 1948 – Donna Karan, American fashion designer, founded DKNY[113]
- 1948 – Siim Kallas, Estonian politician, Prime Minister of Estonia[114]
- 1948 – Persis Khambatta, Indian model and actress, (d. 1998)[115]
- 1949 – Richard Hell, American singer-songwriter and bass player[116]
- 1949 – Annie Leibovitz, American photographer[108]
- 1950 – Mike Rutherford, English guitarist[117]
- 1951 – Sting, English singer-songwriter and actor[108]
- 1952 – Robin Riker, American actress[118]
- 1953 – Vanessa Bell Armstrong, American singer[119]
- 1953 – Tom Boswell, American basketball player[120]
- 1954 – Lorraine Bracco, American actress[118]
- 1955 – Philip Oakey, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer[121]
- 1956 – Freddie Jackson, American soul singer[122]
- 1957 – John Cook, American golfer[123]
- 1957 – Wade Dooley, English rugby player[124]
- 1958 – Robbie Nevil, American singer-songwriter[118]
- 1960 – Glenn Anderson, Canadian ice hockey player[125]
- 1960 – Django Bates, English musician and composer[126]
- 1960 – Joe Sacco, Maltese-American journalist and cartoonist[127]
- 1960 – Dereck Whittenburg, American basketball player and coach[128]
- 1962 – Mark Rypien, Canadian-American football player[129]
- 1963 – Keith Bradshaw, Australian cricketer[130]
- 1963 – Maria Ressa, Filipino-American journalist[131]
- 1964 – Dirk Brinkmann, German field hockey player[132]
- 1965 – Darren Cahill, Australian tennis player[133]
- 1965 – Tom Moody, Australian cricketer[134]
- 1965 – Ferhan and Ferzan Önder, Turkish-Austrian pianists[135][136]
- 1966 – Yokozuna, American wrestler (d. 2000)[137]
- 1967 – Frankie Fredericks, Namibian sprinter[138]
- 1967 – Thomas Muster, Austrian tennis player[139]
- 1967 – Gillian Welch, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[140]
- 1968 – Jana Novotná, Czech tennis player and sportscaster (d. 2017)[141]
- 1968 – Joey Slotnick, American actor[118]
- 1968 – Glen Wesley, Canadian ice hockey player[142]
- 1968 – Kelly Willis, American country music singer-songwriter[143]
- 1969 – Badly Drawn Boy, English musician[144]
- 1970 – Eddie Guardado, American baseball player[145]
- 1970 – Patricia O'Callaghan, Canadian soprano[146]
- 1970 – Kelly Ripa, American actress and talk show host[108]
- 1970 – Maribel Verdú, Spanish actress[147]
- 1971 – Tiffany Darwish, American singer-songwriter[148]
- 1971 – Jim Root, American guitarist and songwriter[149]
- 1971 – Chris Savino, American comic book artist, writer, animator and creator of The Loud House[150]
- 1972 – Aaron McKie, American basketball player[151]
- 1973 – Melissa Harris-Perry, American journalist, author, and educator[152]
- 1973 – Lene Nystrøm, Norwegian singer, songwriter, and musician[118]
- 1973 – Efren Ramirez, American actor[118]
- 1973 – Scott Schoeneweis, American baseball player[153]
- 1974 – Bjarke Ingels, Danish architect[154]
- 1974 – Brian Knight, American baseball player[155]
- 1974 – Matthew Nicholson, Australian cricketer[156]
- 1974 – Sam Roberts, Canadian singer-songwriter and musician[157]
- 1974 – Paul Teutul Jr., American motorcycle designer, co-founded Orange County Choppers[108]
- 1976 – Mark Chilton, English cricketer[158]
- 1977 – Didier Défago, Swiss skier[159]
- 1978 – Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer, songwriter, actress[160]
- 1979 – Primož Brezec, Slovenian basketball player[161]
- 1981 – Santi Kolk, Dutch footballer[162]
- 1981 – Luke Wilkshire, Australian footballer[163]
- 1982 – Tyson Chandler, American basketball player[164]
- 1982 – Esra Gümüş, Turkish volleyball player[165]
- 1984 – Marion Bartoli, French tennis player[166]
- 1985 – Çağlar Birinci, Turkish footballer[167]
- 1985 – Brandon Jackson, American football player[168]
- 1986 – Camilla Belle, American actress[169]
- 1987 – Bojana Bobusic, Australian tennis player[170]
- 1987 – Joe Ingles, Australian basketball player[171]
- 1987 – Phil Kessel, American ice hockey player[172]
- 1987 – Christopher Larkin, South Korean-American actor[118]
- 1987 – Joel Reinders, American football player[173]
- 1987 – Ricky Stenhouse Jr., American race car driver[174]
- 1988 – Kirara Asuka, Japanese model and adult video actress[175]
- 1988 – Brittany Howard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[176]
- 1989 – Frederik Andersen, Danish ice hockey player[177]
- 1989 – Josh Bailey, Canadian ice hockey player[178]
- 1989 – Aaron Hicks, American baseball player[179]
- 1989 – George Nash, English rower[180]
- 1990 – Samantha Barks, Manx actress and singer[118]
- 1991 – Roberto Firmino, Brazilian footballer[181]
- 1992 – Alisson Becker, Brazilian footballer[182]
- 1992 – Shane Larkin, American-Turkish basketball player[183]
- 1992 – Nicol Ruprecht, Austrian rhythmic gymnast[184]
- 1993 – Lance McCullers Jr., American baseball player[185]
- 1993 – Elizabeth McLaughlin, American actress[118]
- 1994 – Joana Eidukonytė, Lithuanian tennis player[186]
- 1995 – Tepai Moeroa, Cook Islands rugby league player[187]
- 1996 – Tom Trbojevic, Australian rugby league player[188]
- 1997 – Rubi Rose, American rapper[189]
- 2000 – Quadeca, American singer-songwriter and YouTuber[190]
- 2002 – Jacob Sartorius, American social media personality and singer[191]
Deaths
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 534 – Athalaric, king of the Ostrogoths in Italy[192]
- 829 – Michael II, Byzantine emperor[193]
- 939 – Eberhard of Franconia[2]
- 939 – Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine[2]
- 1264 – Pope Urban IV[194]
- 1559 – Jacquet of Mantua, French-Italian composer (b. 1483)[195]
1601–1900
[edit]- 1626 – Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, 1st Count of Gondomar, Spanish academic and diplomat (b. 1567)[196]
- 1629 – Antonio Cifra, Italian composer (b. 1584)[197]
- 1629 – Pierre de Bérulle, French cardinal and theologian (b. 1575)[198]
- 1674 – George Frederick of Nassau-Siegen, officer in the Dutch Army (b. 1606)[199]
- 1678 – Wu Sangui, Qing Chinese general (b. 1612)[200]
- 1708 – Anne Jules de Noailles, French general (b. 1650)[201]
- 1709 – Ivan Mazepa, Ukrainian diplomat (b. 1639)[202]
- 1724 – François-Timoléon de Choisy, French historian and author (b. 1644)[203]
- 1746 – Josiah Burchett, English admiral and politician (b. 1666)[204]
- 1764 – William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1720)[205]
- 1780 – John André, English soldier (b. 1750)[8]
- 1782 – Charles Lee, English-born American general (b. 1732)[206]
- 1786 – Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel, English admiral and politician (b. 1725)[207]
- 1803 – Samuel Adams, American politician, Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1722)[208]
- 1804 – Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, French engineer (b. 1725)[209]
- 1850 – Sarah Biffen, English painter (b. 1784)[210]
- 1853 – François Arago, French mathematician, physicist, astronomer, and politician (b. 1786)[211]
1901–present
[edit]- 1920 – Max Bruch, German composer and conductor (b. 1838)[212]
- 1927 – Svante Arrhenius, Swedish physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)[213]
- 1938 – Alexandru Averescu, Romanian military leader and politician, 24th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1859)[214]
- 1943 – John Evans, English-Australian politician, 21st Premier of Tasmania (b. 1855)[215]
- 1953 – John Marin, American painter (b. 1870)[216]
- 1953 – Émilie Busquant, French anarcho-syndicalist, sewed the first Flag of Algeria (b. 1901)[217]
- 1955 – William R. Orthwein, American swimmer and water polo player (b. 1881)[218]
- 1968 – Marcel Duchamp, French painter and sculptor (b. 1887)[219]
- 1971 – Jessie Arms Botke, American painter (b. 1883)[220]
- 1973 – Paul Hartman, American actor and dancer (b. 1904)[221]
- 1973 – Paavo Nurmi, Finnish runner (b. 1897)[222]
- 1974 – Vasily Shukshin, Russian actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1929)[223]
- 1975 – K. Kamaraj, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1903)[224]
- 1981 – Harry Golden, American journalist and author (b. 1902)[225]
- 1981 – Hazel Scott, Trinidadian-American activist, actress, and musician (b. 1920)[226]
- 1985 – Rock Hudson, American actor (b. 1925)[227]
- 1987 – Madeleine Carroll, English actress (b. 1906)[228]
- 1987 – Peter Medawar, Brazilian-English biologist and zoologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)[229]
- 1988 – Alec Issigonis, English car designer, designed the Mini (b. 1906)[230]
- 1988 – Hamengkubuwono IX, Indonesian politician, Vice President of Indonesia (b. 1912)[231]
- 1991 – Hazen Argue, Canadian politician (b. 1921)[232]
- 1991 – Demetrios I of Constantinople (b. 1914)[233]
- 1996 – Robert Bourassa, Canadian lawyer and politician, Premier of Quebec (b. 1933)[234]
- 1996 – Andrey Lukanov, Bulgarian politician, 40th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1938)[235]
- 1998 – Gene Autry, American actor, singer, and guitarist (b. 1907)[236]
- 1999 – Heinz G. Konsalik, German journalist and author (b. 1921)[237]
- 2000 – David Tonkin, Australian politician, Premier of South Australia (b. 1929)[238]
- 2001 – Franz Biebl, German composer and academic (b. 1906)[239]
- 2002 – Heinz von Foerster, Austrian-American physicist and philosopher (b. 1911)[240]
- 2003 – John Thomas Dunlop, American scholar and politician, United States Secretary of Labor (b. 1914)[241]
- 2005 – Nipsey Russell, American comedian and actor (b. 1918)[242]
- 2005 – August Wilson, American author and playwright (b. 1945)[243]
- 2006 – Helen Chenoweth-Hage, American politician (b. 1938)[244]
- 2006 – Paul Halmos, Hungarian-American mathematician (b. 1916)[245]
- 2007 – Tex Coulter, American football player (b. 1924)[246][247]
- 2007 – George Grizzard, American actor (b. 1928)[248]
- 2007 – Dan Keating, Irish Republican Army volunteer (b. 1902)[249]
- 2010 – Kwa Geok Choo, Singaporean lawyer and scholar (b. 1920)[250]
- 2012 – Nguyễn Chí Thiện, Vietnamese-American poet and activist (b. 1939)[251]
- 2012 – Charles Roach, Trinidadian-Canadian lawyer and activist (b. 1933)[252]
- 2012 – J. Philippe Rushton, English-Canadian psychologist, theorist, academic (b. 1943)[253]
- 2013 – Abraham Nemeth, American mathematician and academic (b. 1918)[254]
- 2014 – Robert Flower, Australian footballer (b. 1955)[255]
- 2015 – Brian Friel, Irish author, playwright, and director (b. 1929)[256]
- 2015 – Coleridge Goode, Jamaican-English bassist and composer (b. 1914)[257]
- 2015 – Johnny Paton, Scottish footballer and coach (b. 1923)[258]
- 2016 – Neville Marriner, British conductor (b. 1924)[259]
- 2017 – Tom Petty, American musician (b. 1950)[260]
- 2018 – Jamal Khashoggi, Saudi journalist (b. 1958)[261]
- 2020 – Anne-Marie Hutchinson, British lawyer (b. 1957)[262]
- 2021 – Jack Biondolillo, American bowler (b. 1940)[263]
- 2022 – Sacheen Littlefeather, American actress, model and activist for Native American civil rights (b. 1946)[264]
- 2023 – Francis Lee, English footballer (b. 1944)[265]
- 2024 – Susie Berning, American professional golfer (b. 1941)[266]
- 2024 – Marissa Haque, Indonesian politician (b. 1962)[267]
Holidays and observances
[edit]- Batik Day (Indonesia)[268]
- Christian feast day:
- Gandhi's birthday-related observances:
- Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Guinea from France in 1958[20]
- National Grandparents Day (Italy)[272]
References
[edit]- ^ Skylitzes, John; Wortley, John (7 October 2010). John Skylitzes: A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811–1057: Translation and Notes. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-1-139-48915-7.
- ^ a b c Bachrach, David S.; Bachrach, Bernard S. (2020). Writing the Military History of Pre-Crusade Europe: Studies in Sources and Source Criticism. Routledge. p. 91. ISBN 978-1-000-30013-0.
- ^ Forte, Angelo; Oram, Richard D.; Oram, Richard; Pedersen, Frederik (5 May 2005). Viking Empires. Cambridge University Press. p. 256. ISBN 978-0-521-82992-2.
- ^ Wagner, John A.; Wagner, Edward Ed (2001). Encyclopedia of the Wars of the Roses. ABC-CLIO. p. 102. ISBN 978-1-85109-358-8.
- ^ "Henry VI | Biography & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
- ^ Hartley, Janet M. (2021). The Volga: A History. Yale University Press. p. 45. ISBN 978-0-300-24564-6.
- ^ "Periodic Table of Nottingham - University of Nottingham". www.nottingham.ac.uk. Retrieved 2024-10-02.
- ^ a b "John André | British military officer". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
- ^ States, U. S. Constitution Council of the Thirteen Original (1992). The Bill of Rights and the States: The Colonial and Revolutionary Origins of American Liberties. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 242. ISBN 978-0-945612-29-2.
- ^ Tucker, Spencer; Arnold, James R.; Wiener, Roberta; Pierpaoli (Jr.), Paul G.; Cutrer, Thomas W.; Santoni, Pedro (2013). The Encyclopedia of the Mexican-American War: A Political, Social, and Military History. ABC-CLIO. p. 226. ISBN 978-1-85109-853-8.
- ^ Shaffer, Michael (2018). In Memory of Self and Comrades: Thomas Wallace Colley's Recollections of Civil War Service in the 1st Virginia Cavalry. Univ. of Tennessee Press. p. 272. ISBN 978-1-62190-430-4.
- ^ Bartolini, Giulio (2020). A History of International Law in Italy. Oxford University Press. p. 311. ISBN 978-0-19-884293-4.
- ^ O'Toole, Patricia (2018). The Moralist: Woodrow Wilson and the World He Made. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 425. ISBN 9780743298094.
- ^ Malet, Michael (1982). Nestor Makhno in the Russian Civil War. London: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-333-25969-6. OCLC 8514426.
- ^ "Opus Dei | Meaning, Beliefs, Members, & Controversy". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ "Saint Josemaria Escriva de Balaguer | Biography & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ Bishop, Marlon; Fernandez, Tatiana (7 October 2017). "80 Years On, Dominicans And Haitians Revisit Painful Memories Of Parsley Massacre". NPR. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ "Queen Mary's deadly drama at sea". www.scotsman.com. 17 April 2006. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ "Warsaw Uprising | Polish history". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Chase's Calendar of Events 2020: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. Rowman & Littlefield. 2019. p. 492. ISBN 978-1-64143-316-7.
- ^ "Mexico's 1968 Massacre: What Really Happened?". NPR. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ "Three generations later, the secrets of Wichita State's devastating plane crash are still unfolding". ESPN.com. 1 October 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ Penniman, Howard R. (1972). Elections in South Vietnam. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research. pp. 126–146.
- ^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Vickers 951 Vanguard G-APEC Aarsele". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2022-10-01.
- ^ Hunter, Marjorie (3 October 1980). "Myers Is First Member of House To Be Expelled Since Civil War; 'Support of Rebellion' Two Attempts at Expulsion Powell Was Not Seated". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ Haine, Edgar A. (2000). Disaster in the Air. Associated University Presses. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-8453-4777-5.
- ^ "Brazil police on trial over 1992 Carandiru jail massacre". BBC News. 18 February 2014. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ Matthewman, Steve (2016). Disasters, Risks and Revelation: Making Sense of Our Times. Springer. p. 65. ISBN 978-1-137-29426-5.
- ^ Commission, United States Federal Communications (1997). FCC Record: A Comprehensive Compilation of Decisions, Reports, Public Notices, and Other Documents of the Federal Communications Commission of the United States. The Commission. p. 8491.
- ^ "Beltway sniper attacks | Description, History, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ "Our story". www.parkrun.com. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
- ^ "'The happening': 10 years after the Amish shooting". The Guardian. 2 October 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
- ^ "South Korean president crosses border for landmark summit". The Guardian. 2 October 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
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- ^ "Sacheen Littlefeather, who declined Brando's Oscar, dies at 75". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2022-10-03.
- ^ "Manchester City legend Francis Lee dies aged 79". OneFootball (in Spanish). 2023-10-05. Retrieved 2023-10-05.
- ^ "Hall of Famer Susie Maxwell Berning, a 4-time major champion while raising 2 daughters, dies at 83". AP News. 2024-10-03. Retrieved 2024-10-05.
- ^ "Celebrity and Politician Marissa Haque Passes Away at 61". Jakarta Globe. 2024-10-02. Retrieved 2024-10-02.
- ^ "UNESCO Celebrates National Batik Day 2019 with Communities in Borobudur and Klaten". UNESCO. 4 October 2019. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
- ^ Fiey, Jean Maurice (2004). Lawrence Conrad (ed.). Saints Syriaques. The Darwin Press. p. 68.
- ^ Beutner, Dawn Marie (2020). Saints: Becoming an Image of Christ Every Day of the Year. Ignatius Press. p. 367. ISBN 978-1-62164-341-8.
- ^ Lippiatt, Gregory Edward Martin (2017). Simon V of Montfort and Baronial Government, 1195-1218. Oxford University Press. p. 117. ISBN 978-0-19-880513-7.
- ^ "Grandparents to get their own day in Italy". The Guardian. 27 July 2005. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to October 2.
- "On This Day". BBC.
- The New York Times: On This Day
- "Historical Events on October 2". OnThisDay.com.